Dr. Toney retired in 2002 as Group Vice President, Corporate Affairs of Applied Materials, Inc., the leading worldwide supplier of semiconductor wafer fabrication equipment. Prior to that date, he was Group Vice President and Vice President, Global Human Resources since 1985. He first joined Applied Materials, Inc. in 1979. Prior to employment with Applied Materials, Dr. Toney held several positions in education and business industries. He worked as the Assistant Superintendent of Schools for the Palo Alto Unified School District, Assistant Superintendent of Schools for the Ravenswood City School District, and a Mathematician and Systems Analyst for Lockheed Missile and Space. Dr. Toney also served as Chairman of the Board of the 21st Century Education Initiative, part of the Joint Venture: Silicon Valley (JVSV) Network. Dr. Toney has two undergraduate degrees, a B.A. in Philosophy from California State University at Chico, and a B.S. with honors in Mathematics from San Jose State University. He received his M.A. in Instructional Technology from San Jose State University, and earned his Doctorate in Organizational Behavior from the University of Southern California.